Answer to Every Question Starts in the Code

Bankruptcy CodeIf Jews, Muslims, and Christians are People of the Book, we as bankruptcy lawyers are, or ought to be,  People of the Code, the Bankruptcy Code.  Virtually every question that a new bankruptcy lawyer asks ought to send her first to the code for a start.

The Bankruptcy Code adopted in 1978, was well thought out in terms of structure, word usage, and organization.  The “reforms” of 2005 were a step back in terms of clarity.  But even if the statute is difficult, my firm advice is to read the relevant code sections, before you look for cases on your question or call for help from others.

Take a look at the organization of the code.  Chapters 1, 3, and 5 apply in every bankruptcy case.  Chapters 7, 9, 11, 12, 13 apply only to cases filed under those chapters.

Then, find a summary of the 2005 changes, and be mindful of new concepts or alterations that BAPCPA brought with it.  Yesterday, a new bankruptcy lawyer cited a 1995 case on disposable income, having missed, apparently, that the term was redefined in 2005.

Hit the book, or the Code, and this will all fall together sooner.

Image courtesy bookfind.jp

Convert, Don’t Dismiss, That Bankruptcy Case

Young lawyers just learning bankruptcy practice seem to have missed the portions of the Bankruptcy Code that allow a debtor to convert a case under one chapter of the Code to a case under a different chapter.  When it looks like the client is in the wrong chapter, they propose to dismiss and refile under the new chapter.

Not necessary.  The Code provides, in  sections 706, 1112, and 1307, that a case can be converted, retaining the same date for the order for relief.  No new filing fee is required, though the debtor will have to pay the difference between the fee paid to initiate the case and the fee for the chapter the case is converted to.

This is even more important in the days after bankruptcy “reform” , when the duration of the automatic stay is limited in a second case to 30 days.